Category Archives: Linux (Ubuntu/CentOS)

When you are in console mode, there is no ‘Right click > About’ to give you information about your operating system. In Linux, you can use command uname to help you about that. Uname is the short name for unixname. Just type uname in console. When you type uname without parameter, it will only showContinue reading “9 Linux Uname Command Examples To Get Operating System Details”

Bash (Bourne Again Shell ) is the free version of the Bourne shell distributed with Linux and GNU operating systems. Bash is similar to the original, but has added features such as command line editing. Created to improve on the earlier sh shell, Bash includes features from the Korn shell and the C shell. Bash isContinue reading “Difference between bash and shell ( bash and sh ) ( #!/bin/sh and #!/bin/bash )”

The Linux command ‘dd’ is one of the very powerful utility which can be used in a variety of ways. This tool is mainly used for copying and converting data, hence it stands for ‘data duplicator’. This tool can be used for. • Backing up and restoring an entire hard drive or a partition •Continue reading “Linux DD Command : 15 Examples With All Options (backup master boot record / MBR)”

Description The sysctl infrastructure is designed to configure kernel parameters at run time. The sysctl interface is heavily used by the Linux networking subsystem. It can be used to configure some core kernel parameters; represented as files in /proc/sys/*. The values can be accessed by using cat(1), echo(1) or the sysctl(8) commands. If a valueContinue reading “Sysctl ( /etc/sysctl.conf )”

Difference between symbolic link and hard link (hard links can not be created for files on a different drive,  but soft link can) What is the difference between symbolic link and hard link? Explaining the difference between a symbolic link or a symlink and a hard link is easy and vital to knowing about how Linux/Unix environmentsContinue reading “Soft and Hard links Linux”

This article explains how quickly you can learn to install, remove, update and search software packages usingapt-get and apt-cache commands from the command line. This article provides some useful commands that will help you to handle package management in Debian/Ubuntu based systems. What is apt-get? The apt-get utility is a powerful and free package managementContinue reading “25 Useful Basic Commands of APT-GET and APT-CACHE for Package Management”

15 Practical Examples of “dpkg commands” for Debian Based Distros Debian GNU/Linux, the mother Operating System of a number of Linux distributions including Knoppix, Kali,Ubuntu, Mint, etc. uses various package Manager like dpkg, apt, aptitude, synaptic, tasksel, deselect, dpkg-deband dpkg-split. We will be describing each of these briefly before focusing on ‘dpkg‘ command. APT CommandContinue reading “dpkg and dpkg-reconfigure commands”

A library is a file containing compiled code from various object files stuffed into a single file. It may contain a group of functions that are used in a particular context. For example, the ‘pthread’ library is used when thread related functions are to be used in the program. Broadly, a library (or Program Library)Continue reading “Intro to Linux Shared Libraries (How to Create Shared Libraries)”

Runlevels define what tasks can be accomplished in the current state (or runlevel) of a Linux system. Every Linux system supports three basic runlevels, plus one or more runlevels for normal operation. The basic runlevels are shown in Table 1. Table 1. Linux basic runlevels Level Purpose 0 Shut down (or halt) the system 1Continue reading “Runlevels, shutdown, and reboot”

I am a new Linux user. How do I display the process on the Linux based server or desktop/laptop in easy to read tree format using bash shell prompt? Linux and Unix are multitasking operating systems i.e. a system that can run multiple tasks (process) during the same period of time. A process is nothing butContinue reading “Linux/Unix: pstree Command Examples: See A Tree Of Processes”